{"id":6277,"date":"2026-07-14T13:52:44","date_gmt":"2026-07-14T07:52:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bestart.uz\/?p=6277"},"modified":"2026-07-14T13:52:44","modified_gmt":"2026-07-14T07:52:44","slug":"kak-rasschitat-kolichestvo-svetilnikov-dlya-territorii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bestart.uz\/uz\/news\/kak-rasschitat-kolichestvo-svetilnikov-dlya-territorii\/","title":{"rendered":"Hudud uchun yoritgichlar sonini qanday to\u2018g\u2018ri hisoblash kerak"},"content":{"rendered":"Tashqi yoritish nafaqat yorqin, balki bir tekis ham bo\u2018lishi kerak. Agar yoritgichlar juda kam bo\u2018lsa, hududda yomon yoritilgan joylar paydo bo\u2018ladi, ularning ortiqchaligi esa uskunalar va elektr energiyasiga ortiqcha xarajatlarga olib keladi. Shuning uchun yoritgichlarni tanlashdan oldin dastlabki hisob-kitobni bajarish tavsiya etiladi.\nKichik obyektlar uchun hududning asosiy parametrlarini aniqlash va uskunalarni yorug\u2018lik xususiyatlariga ko\u2018ra tanlash kifoya. Bunday yondashuv murakkab muhandislik hisob-kitoblarisiz qulay yoritishga erishish imkonini beradi. Ushbu maqolada u yoki bu obyekt uchun yoritgichlar sonini qanday hisoblashni ko\u2018rib chiqamiz.\n<h2>Hisob uchun qanday ma\u2019lumotlar kerak bo\u2018ladi<\/h2>\nYoritgichlar soni faqat hudud maydoniga bog\u2018liq emas. Obyektning vazifasi, talab qilinadigan yoritilganlik va tanlangan modellarning xususiyatlarini hisobga olish muhim. Aynan shu omillarning uyg\u2018unligi qancha uskuna kerak bo\u2018lishini aniqlash imkonini beradi. Hisobni boshlashdan oldin quyidagi ma\u2019lumotlarni to\u2018plash maqsadga muvofiq:\n<ul>\n<li>yoritiladigan hudud maydoni;<\/li>\n<li>lyukslarda tavsiya etilgan yoritilganlik darajasi;<\/li>\n<li>bitta yoritgichning lyumenlardagi yorug\u2018lik oqimi;<\/li>\n<li>uskunani o\u2018rnatish balandligi;<\/li>\n<li>binolar, daraxtlar va boshqa obyektlarning joylashuv xususiyatlari.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nHatto taxminiy boshlang\u2018ich ma\u2019lumotlar ham uskunalar faqat quvvatiga qarab tanlanadigan keng tarqalgan xatodan qochishga yordam beradi. LED yoritish uchun yorug\u2018lik oqimiga tayanish ancha muhim, chunki bir xil quvvatdagi modellar samaradorligi bo\u2018yicha sezilarli darajada farq qilishi mumkin.\n<h2>Oddiy hisob misoli<\/h2>\nDastlabki baholash uchun odatda oddiy bog\u2018liqlikdan foydalaniladi: zarur yorug\u2018lik oqimi hudud maydonini talab qilinadigan yoritilganlikka ko\u2018paytirilganiga teng. Olingan natija keyin tanlangan yoritgichlarning yorug\u2018lik oqimi bilan taqqoslanadi va ularning soni aniqlanadi.\n20 \u00d7 15 m o\u2018lchamdagi ochiq avtoturargohni tasavvur qilaylik. Uning maydoni 300 m\u00b2 ni tashkil etadi. Qulay yoritish uchun 30 lk darajasini qabul qilamiz. U holda taxminan 9000 lm umumiy yorug\u2018lik oqimi kerak bo\u2018ladi. O\u2018rnatish balandligi, tarqalish burchagi va boshqa omillar tufayli yorug\u2018likning bir qismi muqarrar ravishda yo\u2018qolgani sababli, odatda taxminan 20\u201330 % zaxira qo\u2018shiladi. Natijada taxminan 11000\u201312000 lm kerak bo\u2018ladi. Agar tanlangan LED yoritgichlarning har biri 4000 lm yorug\u2018lik oqimiga ega bo\u2018lsa, bunday maydoncha uchun uchta asbob kerak bo\u2018ladi.\nOlingan natija taxminiydir. Yirik obyektlar uchun qo\u2018shimcha ravishda yoritishning notekislik koeffitsiyentlari, qoplamaning aks ettirish xususiyatlari va boshqa muhandislik parametrlari hisobga olinadi, shuning uchun yakuniy hisob maxsus dasturlar yordamida bajariladi.\n<h2>Qanday xatolar eng ko\u2018p uchraydi<\/h2>\nHatto to\u2018g\u2018ri formuladan foydalanilganda ham yakuniy natija kutilganidan uzoq bo\u2018lishi mumkin. Ko\u2018pincha muammolar muhim xususiyatlarning bir qismi e\u2019tiborsiz qolishi sababli yuzaga keladi. Amalda quyidagi xatolardan qochish kerak:\n<ul>\n<li>lyumenlar sonini hisobga olmasdan, yoritgichlarni faqat quvvatiga qarab tanlash;<\/li>\n<li>uskunalarni bir-biridan juda uzoqda joylashtirish;<\/li>\n<li>o\u2018rnatish balandligi va yorug\u2018likning tarqalish burchagini hisobga olmaslik;<\/li>\n<li>yorug\u2018lik oqimining mumkin bo\u2018lgan yo\u2018qotishlarini butunlay e\u2019tiborsiz qoldirish;<\/li>\n<li>vazifasi turlicha bo\u2018lgan hududlar uchun bir xil yoritish sxemasidan foydalanish.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nBunday xatolarni montaj tugagandan keyin tuzatish hisobni oldindan bajarishdan ancha qiyin va qimmatroq. To\u2018g\u2018ri tanlangan yoritgichlar soni bir tekis yoritishga erishish, energiya iste\u2019molini kamaytirish va qorong\u2018i vaqtda hududdan qulay foydalanishni ta\u2019minlash imkonini beradi.\nAgar muayyan obyekt uchun LED projektorlar, konsol, park yoki boshqa ko\u2018cha yoritgichlarini tanlash kerak bo\u2018lsa, Bestart internet-do\u2018koni assortimentida turli vazifa va maydondagi hududlar uchun yechimlar mavjud.","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u044f\u0440\u043a\u0438\u043c, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f 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